Unilateral Pemetrexed-induced Pseudocellulitis Mimicking Bacterial Cellulitis

Main Article Content

Fatema S Esaa
Skylar N Travis
Glynis A Scott
Christopher T Richardson

Keywords

pemetrexed, pseudocellulitis, cutaneous adverse reactions

Abstract

Pseudocellulitis, manifesting as erythema, warmth, and tenderness of the lower extremities, is a recently recognized cutaneous adverse reaction (CAR) associated with the use of pemetrexed, a multi-targeted folate antagonist. This reaction typically manifests bilaterally, helping to distinguish pemetrexed-induced pseudocellulitis from a bacterial cellulitis. We present a case of unilateral pemetrexed-induced pseudocellulitis. The patient was initially treated for cellulitis but failed to respond adequately to antibiotics, prompting a biopsy that showed the characteristic findings of pemetrexed-induced pseudocellulitis. Pemetrexed-induced pseudocellulitis is important to recognize as it may be dose-limiting or necessitate treatment modification. Furthermore, increased awareness of this CAR can help clinicians avoid unnecessary antibiotic use.

References

1. Rollins KD, Lindley C. Pemetrexed: a multitargeted antifolate. Clin Ther. 2005 Sep;27(9):1343-82.

2. Piérard-Franchimont C, Quatresooz P, Reginster M, Piérard GE. Revisiting cutaneous adverse reactions to pemetrexed. Oncology Letters. 2011;2(5):769-772.

3. Eguia B, Ruppert AM, Fillon J, et al. Skin toxicities compromise prolonged pemetrexed treatment. J Thorac Oncol. 2011 Dec;6(12):2083-9

4. Then C, von Einem JC, Müller D et al. Toxic epidermal necrolysis after pemetrexed and cisplatin for non-small cell lung cancer in a patient with sharp syndrome. Onkologie. 2012;35(12):783-6.

5. Vitiello, M, Romanelli P, Kerdel FA. Painful generalized erythematous patches: A severe and unusual cutaneous reaction to pemetrexed. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2011;65(1):243-244.

6. Frouin E, Sebille G, Freudenberger S et al. Asteatotic eczema ('eczema craquelé') with histopathological interface dermatitis: a new cutaneous reaction following pemetrexed. Br J Dermatol. 2012 Jun;166(6):1359-60

7. Santosa A, Liau MM, Tan KB, Tan LC. Pemetrexed-induced eccrine squamous syringometaplasia manifesting as pseudocellulitis (in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer). JAAD Case Reports. 2017;3(1):64-66.

8. Liau MM, Santosa A, Huang J, Tan LC. Pemetrexed-induced lower limb pseudocellulitis. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2017 Dec;42(8):914-916.

9. Tracey, H. Modi B, Micheletti RG. Pemetrexed-Induced Pseudocellulitis Reaction With Eosinophilic Infiltrate on Skin Biopsy. Am J Dermatopathol. 2017 Jan;39(1):e1-e2

10. Gill D, Schrader J, Kelly M et al. Gemcitabine associated pseudocellulitis: A missed diagnosis. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2017 Jan 1:1078155217719584.

11. Asemota E, Reid E, Kovarik C. Gemcitabine-induced pseudocellulitis in a patient with non-small cell lung carcinoma. JAAD Case Reports. 2015;1(4):178-181.